Current position
Senior Fellow, Visual Science Group, RSBS
Research interests
Our
current major interest is in the epidemic of myopia that has emerged
in some parts of the world, particularly in East Asia . In epidemiological
studies we are attempting to identify potentially modifiable life-style
factors that contribute to the development of myopia (education
and outdoor activities), while in parallel laboratory experimentation
we analyse the optical and cellular/molecular pathways that control
eye growth. Our aim is to develop treatments which will prevent
the development of myopia.
Epidemiological
studies are carried out in collaboration with Professor P au l
Mitchell and Dr Kathryn Rose ( University of Sydney ) and Professor
Wayne Smith ( University of Newcastle ) with funding from the
National Health and Medical Research Council. Our recent results
have shown that the prevalence of myopia is much lower in Australian
children than in other parts of the world. This is true even when
matching for ethnicity – for example only 3-4% of 7 year-old children
of East Asian origin in Sydney are myopic, whereas in similar
children in Singapore , the prevalence is over 30%. This points
to a major impact of environment factors, and in particular of
educational pressures. In both Sydney and Singapore, the ethnic
groups that achieve the highest educational outcomes are the most
myopic.
Laboratory experimentation
receives support from ACT Health and the ARC Centre of Excellence
in Vision based at the ANU. We are currently investigating the
potential of imposed myopic defocus to control the development
of myopia in both experimental animals and children.
University of Sydney/Australian National University
Mobile Phone and Vision and Hearing Project
For further details
contact (http://www.fhs.usyd.edu.au/avs/)
or
Dr Kathryn Rose
School of Applied Vision Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
K.Rose@cchs.usyd.edu.au
Selected Publications
Intraocular
colchicine selectively destroys immature ganglion cells in chicken
retina, I.G. Morgan, Neuroscience Letters 24 (1981) 255-260.
Dose
dependent effects of intravitreal kainic acid on specific cell
types in chicken retina, C.A. Ingham and I.G. Morgan, Neuroscience
9 (1983) 165-181.
The
concentration of enkephalin-like material in the chick retina
is light dependent, T.J. Millar, N.
Salipan , J.O. Oliver, I.G. Morgan
and I.W. Chubb, Neuroscience 13 (1984) 221-226.
Selective
destruction of retinal cholinergic neurons by ethylcholine mustard
aziridinium ion, T.J. Millar, I. Ishimoto, M. Boelen, M.L. Epstein,
C.J. Johnson and I.G. Morgan, J. Neuroscience 7 (1987) 343-356.
Cholinergic
amacrine cells of the chicken retina: a light and electron microscope
immunocytochemical study, T.J. Millar, I. Ishimoto, I.W. Chubb,
M.L. Epstein, C.D. Johnson and I.G. Morgan, Neuroscience 21 (1987)
725-743.
Cholinergic
amacrine cells in the rabbit retina synapse onto other cholinergic
amacrine cells, T.J. Millar and I.G. Morgan, Neuroscience Letters,
74 (1987) 281-285.
Colamination
of cholinergic amacrine cell and displaced ganglion cell dendrites
in the chicken retina, G.Yang, T.J.Millar and I.G.Morgan, Neuroscience
Letters, 103 (1989) 151-156.
[Leu5]enkephalin-like
immunoreactive amacrine cells in chicken retina are under nicotinic
excitatory control in the dark, M.K. Boelen, M. Dowton and I.G.
Morgan, Brain Research, 624 (1993) 137-142
Is
nitric oxide a transmitter of the centrifugal projection to the
avian retina?, I.G. Morgan, P. Miethke and Z.K. Li, Neuroscience
Letters 168 (1994) 5-7
Endogenous
dopamine inhibits the release of enkephalin-like immunoreactivity
from amacrine cells of the chicken retina in the light, M.K. Boelen,
J. Wellard, M. Dowton and I.G. Morgan, Brain Research 645 (1994)
240-246
A
role for the enkephalin-immunoreactive amacrine cells of the chicken
retina in adaptation to light and dark, M.K. Boelen, J. Wellard
and I.G. Morgan, Neuroscience Letters 174 (1994) 64-66
Parallel
suppression of retinal and pineal melatonin synthesis by retinally
mediated light, I.G. Morgan, M.K. Boelen and I.G. Morgan, NeuroReport
6 (1995) 1530-1532
Neural
barriers affect the action of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors
in the intact chicken retina, J. Wellard, P. Miethke and I.G.
Morgan, Neuroscience Letters 201 (1995) 17-20
A
dark-light switch in the vertebrate retina: a review of the evidence,
I.G. Morgan and M.K. Boelen, Visual Neuroscience, 13 (1996) 399-409
Cholinergic
amacrine cells are not required for the progression and atropine-mediated
suppression of form-deprivation myopia, A.J. Fischer, P. Miethke,
I.G. Morgan and W.K. Stell, Brain Research, 794 (1998) 48-60
Colchicine
c au ses
excessive ocular growth and myopia in chicks, A.J. Fischer, I.G.
Morgan and W.K. Stell, Vision Research
, 39 (1999) 685-697
Vitreal
dihydroxphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) as an index of retinal dopamine
release, P. Megaw, I.G. Morgan and M.K. Boelen, Journal of Neurochemistry,
76 (2001) 1636-1644
The
biological basis of myopic refractive error, I.G. Morgan, Clinical
and Experimental Optometry, 86 (2003) 276-288
Using
natural STOP growth signals to prevent excessive axial elongation
and the development of myopia, I.G. Morgan and P. Megaw, Annals
of the Singapore Academy of Medicine, 33 (2004) 16-20
Screening
for differential gene expression during the development of form-deprivation
myopia in the chicken, I.G. Morgan, R. Kucharski, N. Krongkaew,
S.I. Firth, P. Megaw and R. Maleszka, Optometry and Vision Science,
81 (2004) 148-155
Response
to Park and Congdon on the epidemiology of myopia, I.G. Morgan,
K.A. Rose, W. Smith and P. Mitchell, Annals, Academy of Medicine,
Singapore, 33 (2004) 541-543
How
genetic is school myopia?, I.G. Morgan and K.A. Rose, Progress
in Retinal and Eye Research, 24 (2005) 1-38
Methods
for a population-based study of myopia and other eye conditions
in school-children: The Sydney Myopia Study, E. Ojaimi, K.A. Rose,
W. Smith. I.G. Morgan. F.J. Martin and P. Mitchell, Ophthalmic
Epidemiology, 12 (2005) 59-69
Distribution
of ocular biometric parameters and refraction in a population-based
study of Australian children, E. Ojaimi, K.A. Rose, I.G. Morgan,
W. Smith, F.J. Martin, A. Kifley, D. Robaei and P. Mitchell, Investigative
Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 46 (2005) 2748-2754
The
relation of refraction and ocular biometry with anthropometric
parameters in a 6 year-old population with low refractive error,
E. Ojaimi, I.G. Morgan, D. Robaei, K.A. Rose, E. Rochtchina and
P. Mitchell, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, in
press
Astigmatism
and its components in 6-year-old children, S.C Huynh, A. Kifley,
K.Rose, I.G. Morgan, G.Z. Heller and P. Mitchell, Investigative
Ophthalmology and Visual Science, in press
Diurnal
patterns of dopamine release in chicken retina, P.M. Megaw, M.G.
Boelen, I.G. Morgan and M.K. Boelen, Neurochemistry International,
E-pub September 2005
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